NHS England says a rapid new test, piloted in five centres, can diagnose brain tumours while a patient is still on the operating table.
The faster diagnostic method allows patients to begin treatment sooner and spares many the weeks-long wait for results.
A woman's parasitic brain infection was confirmed using an unconventional lab method, after eggs extracted for testing developed tails, according to Ars Technica.
Researchers say subtle differences in speech patterns among people with schizophrenia may be detectable by artificial intelligence tools, potentially aiding earlier diagnosis, according to a report by Scientific American.
Hundreds of families say they waited months or years for a loved one to receive a dementia diagnosis, according to a BBC Health report.